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NIST 800-171 r3 / CMMC L2 · 22 QUESTIONS · FREE TEMPLATE

NIST SP 800-171 Self-Assessment — for DoD contractors handling CUI

Any organisation processing Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI) under a DoD contract must implement and self-assess against NIST SP 800-171 (revision 3, finalised 2024). This template gets you 80% of the way to a defensible SPRS score and CMMC Level 2 readiness.

Total questions
22
Categories
14
Typical timeline
2–4 weeks for first complete self-assessment
Effort
40–120 hours
Who requests it
  • DoD prime contractors flowing down DFARS 252.204-7012
  • C3PAOs assessing CMMC Level 2 readiness
  • DCMA DIBCAC assessors on high-priority projects
Who fills it out
  • Information System Security Officer (ISSO) / CISO
  • Often with the GovCon programme manager

The questionnaire — every question, inline

1. Access Control (3.1)

2 questions
Who can access CUI systems and data.
  1. 1.1
    Are CUI accounts limited to authorised users, processes, and devices (3.1.1)? Provide the access-control policy and inventory.
    Critical
  2. 1.2
    Is MFA enforced for all local and network access to CUI (3.1.20 → 3.5.3)? Phishing-resistant factor?
    Critical

2. Awareness & Training (3.2)

1 question
Security training for the workforce.
  1. 2.1
    Is role-based security training delivered to CUI users at hire and annually (3.2.1, 3.2.2)? Completion records?
    High

3. Audit & Accountability (3.3)

2 questions
Logging and review.
  1. 3.1
    Are audit events created and retained per organisational policy (3.3.1, 3.3.2)? Retention period?
    Critical
  2. 3.2
    Are audit logs reviewed and analysed for indicators of unauthorised activity (3.3.5)? SIEM in use?
    High

4. Configuration Management (3.4)

2 questions
Baselines and change control.
  1. 4.1
    Established and maintained baseline configurations for CUI systems (3.4.1)? Hardening framework used (CIS, DISA STIG)?
    High
  2. 4.2
    Is software execution restricted via allowlisting (3.4.8)?
    High

5. Identification & Authentication (3.5)

1 question
Strong authentication.
  1. 5.1
    Are passwords replaced with cryptographic mechanisms or phishing-resistant MFA where required (3.5.3, 3.5.7)?
    Critical

6. Incident Response (3.6)

2 questions
Detect, report, recover.
  1. 6.1
    Is there a documented IR capability that includes preparation, detection, analysis, containment, recovery (3.6.1)?
    Critical
  2. 6.2
    Cyber incidents reported to DoD via DIBNet within 72 hours per DFARS 7012(c)? Provide the most recent test or actual report.
    Critical

7. Maintenance (3.7)

1 question
Maintenance personnel and tools.
  1. 7.1
    Are maintenance tools, techniques, and personnel controlled (3.7.1, 3.7.6)? Sanitisation before removal?
    High

8. Media Protection (3.8)

2 questions
Storage media handling.
  1. 8.1
    Is CUI on digital and non-digital media protected at rest and in transit (3.8.1, 3.8.6)?
    Critical
  2. 8.2
    Sanitisation of media before disposal or reuse per NIST SP 800-88 (3.8.3)?
    High

9. Personnel Security (3.9)

1 question
Screening, termination.
  1. 9.1
    Are individuals screened before granting access to CUI (3.9.1)? Access revoked promptly on termination/transfer (3.9.2)?
    High

10. Physical Protection (3.10)

1 question
Facility and device control.
  1. 10.1
    Are physical access to CUI facilities and devices monitored, logged, and limited (3.10.1, 3.10.2)?
    High

11. Risk Assessment (3.11)

1 question
Periodic risk analysis.
  1. 11.1
    Are risk assessments performed periodically (3.11.1)? Vulnerability scanning frequency (3.11.2)?
    High

12. Security Assessment (3.12)

2 questions
Self-assessment and POA&M.
  1. 12.1
    Has a NIST 800-171 self-assessment been completed and SPRS score posted (3.12.4, DFARS 7019)?
    Critical
  2. 12.2
    Is a Plan of Action & Milestones (POA&M) maintained for any unimplemented requirements (3.12.2)?
    High

13. System & Comms Protection (3.13)

2 questions
Network architecture and crypto.
  1. 13.1
    Is cryptography FIPS-validated for protecting CUI confidentiality (3.13.11)? Which modules?
    Critical
  2. 13.2
    Are network boundaries defined, monitored, and managed (3.13.1)? Deny-by-default rules in place?
    High

14. System & Info Integrity (3.14)

2 questions
Flaw remediation, malicious code.
  1. 14.1
    Maximum window from vendor patch release to deployed fix for critical vulns (3.14.1)?
    Critical
  2. 14.2
    Are systems monitored for malicious code (3.14.2) and unauthorised network traffic (3.14.6)?
    High
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FAQ

Is NIST 800-171 mandatory or just recommended?
Mandatory if you handle CUI under any DoD contract via DFARS 252.204-7012. Failure to comply can trigger contract termination and False Claims Act liability.
What's the difference between 800-171 and CMMC 2.0 Level 2?
CMMC 2.0 Level 2 requires the same 110 controls (r2) / restructured set (r3) as NIST 800-171, but adds third-party C3PAO assessment for prioritised programmes. Self-assessment for non-prioritised.
Do we need to be on GovCloud?
Not strictly — you need a system architecture that meets the controls. GCC High / AWS GovCloud / Azure Government make it easier but aren't the only path. Many SMB defense contractors use enclaves.
How is the SPRS score calculated?
Start at 110, deduct 1, 3, or 5 points per unimplemented requirement per the DoD scoring methodology. Negative scores are common at first assessment. Primes increasingly require ≥110 or a clear POA&M to award.

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